Group 2; October 20

Why did loyalty oaths emerge?

• threat of Communism, subversion of "american doctrine"--starts in 1930s
• Great Depression--America is fragile, question capitalism
  • Stalin has "full employment"
  • no social safety net for Americans
  • faith in capitalism basically ceased
  • far left became heavily populated, even school superintendents got excited about some of this (anti-capitalists)
• (The New Deal solved many of these problems--revolutionary fervor)
• Teacher state journals--vacations to russia as advertisments
• Loyalty Oaths, top-down way to control dissent, pop up again after WWII

Should Communists have been banned from teaching? What is Ravitch's opinion?

• ACLU p. 95
• Hook--all members adhere to all tenets of the party!
• Communist Party--do all members adhere to all tenets of the party?
• can personal opinions be kept separate?

• Ravitch believes in academic freedom
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What is Counts' critique of progressive education?

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