Group+2;+October+20

Why did loyalty oaths emerge?
 * threat of Communism, subversion of "american doctrine"--starts in 1930s
 * Great Depression--America is fragile, question capitalism
 * Stalin has "full employment"
 * no social safety net for Americans
 * faith in capitalism basically ceased
 * far left became heavily populated, even school superintendents got excited about some of this (anti-capitalists)
 * (The New Deal solved many of these problems--revolutionary fervor)
 * Teacher state journals--vacations to russia as advertisments
 * Loyalty Oaths, top-down way to control dissent, pop up again after WWII

Should Communists have been banned from teaching? What is Ravitch's opinion?
 * ACLU p. 95
 * Hook--all members adhere to all tenets of the party!
 * Communist Party--do all members adhere to all tenets of the party?
 * can personal opinions be kept separate?


 * Ravitch believes in academic freedom

What is Counts' critique of progressive education?